2024 – ACC 561 Final Exam P S Your questions will be chosen randomly from a large set

ACC 561 Final Exam.

 

P.S. Your questions will be chosen randomly from a large set of questions. Nobody can guarantee that these questions will cover completely your exam. If I helped you please leave “A” feedback (I need it very much). Thank you and good luck.

 

1) Performance reports _____.
A. ignore areas that are presumed to be running smoothly
B. provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans
C. are deviations from a plan
D. are quantitative expressions of action plans

2) Budgets _____.

A. ignore areas that are presumed to be running smoothly

B. are deviations from a plan

C. are quantitative expressions of action plans

D. provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans

3) According to the Financial Executives Institute, one function of the treasurer is _____.

A. government reporting

B. reporting and interpreting financial information

C. Short term financing

D. tax administration

4) Which of the following is not a major factor causing changes in management accounting today?

A. E-commerce is not a major factor.

B. Declining work ethic is not a major factor.

C. Increased global competition is not a major factor.

D. Increasing importance of the service sector of the economy is not a major factor.

5) Below is a statement from the Institute of Management Accountants’ Statement of Ethical Professional Practice. “Refrain from disclosing confidential information acquired in the course of their work except when authorized, unless legally obligated to do so.” It is an example of _____.

A. integrity

B. competence

C. confidentiality

D. objectivity

6) Ethical accountants are important to society because _____.
A. none of these answers is correct
B. they pay their taxes
C. the information produced is reliable
D. they will not go to prison and waste taxpayers’ money

 

7) _____ refers to accounting information developed for managers within an organization.
     A. Tax accounting
     B. Financial accounting
     C. Managerial accounting
     D. Internal auditing

8) The primary users of management accounting information are _____.
     A. suppliers
     B. internal decision makers
     C. governmental regulatory authorities
     D. bankers

9) _____ is the field of accounting that develops information for external decision makers such as stockholders, suppliers, banks, and government regulatory agencies.
     A. Financial accounting
     B. Management accounting
     C. Tax accounting
     D. Auditing

10) The _____ is also called the statement of financial position.
     A. balance sheet
     B. income statement
     C. statement of retained earnings
     D. statement of cash flows

11) Any event that affects the financial position of an organization and requires recording is called a(n)_____.
     A. account
     B. transaction
     C. posting
     D. accounting change

12) _____ would not appear on the financial statements for a sole proprietorship.
     A. Cost of Goods Sold
     B. Paid-in Capital
     C. Accumulated Depreciation
     D. Unearned Sales Revenues

13) The accounting convention of _____ guides the relative sophistication of the accounting system.
     A. cost benefit
     B. objectivity
     C. Conservatism
     D. materiality

14) Mr. Bryant invested $50,000 cash in a new corporation. The new corporation will record this transaction with a debit to_____.
     A. Cash and a credit to Retained Income for $50,000
     B. Cash and a credit to Paid-in Capital for $50,000
     C. Retained Earnings and a credit to Cash for $50,000
     D. Paid-in Capital and a credit to Retained Earnings for $50,000

15) The accounting convention of _____ means selecting the method of measurement that yields the gloomiest immediate results.
     A.  objectivity
     B. conservatism
     C. cost benefit
     D. materiality

16) The statement of cash flows is used for all of the following except_____.
     A. determining a company’s ability to pay its debts when they are due
     B. evaluating the creditworthiness of the organization
     C. showing the relationship of net income to changes in cash
     D. revealing commitments that may restrict future courses of action

17) The Rebecca Company acquired merchandise inventory costing $10,000 on September 1. The company will not pay for the inventory until October 1. This transaction will affect the Rebecca Company by increasing the Merchandise Inventory account by $10,000 and _____.
     A. decreasing the Accounts Payable account by $10,000
     B. decreasing the Capital account by $10,000
     C. increasing the Accounts Payable account by $10,000
     D. increasing the Capital account by $10,000

18) Nonoperating items on the income statement_____.
     A. reflect the effects of financial management decisions
     B. appear on the income statement immediately after gross profit
     C. are revenues and expenses arising from adjusting entries
     D. appear only on corporate income statements

19) Which value chain function would include depreciation on transportation cost?
     A. The customer service function would include depreciation on transportation cost.
     B. The marketing function would include depreciation on transportation cost
     C. The distribution function would include depreciation on transportation cost.
     D. The production function would include depreciation on transportation cost.

20) Which value chain function would include advertising costs?
     A. The customer service function would include advertising costs.
     B. The production function would include advertising costs.
     C. The distribution function would include advertising costs.
     D. The marketing function would include advertising costs.

21) Which of the following is not a cost driver of customer services costs?
     A. Travel costs are not a cost driver of customer services costs.
     B. Number of service calls is not a cost driver of customer services costs.
     C. Hours spent servicing products are not a cost driver of customer services costs.
     D. All of these answers are correct

22) Hug Me Company produces dolls. Each doll sells for $20.00. Variable costs per unit total $14.00, of which $6.25 is for direct materials and $5.25 is for direct labor. If total fixed costs are $435,000, then the break even volume in dollars is _____.
     A. $1,023,529
     B. $621,429
     C. $1,450,000
     D. $435,000

23) If the sales price per unit is $100, the unit variable cost is $75, and total fixed costs are $150,000, then the break even volume in dollar sales rounded to the nearest whole dollar is _____.
     A. $600,000
     B. $150,000
     C. $200,000
     D. $1,500

24) Knothole Company sells desks at $480 per desk. The costs associated with each desk are as follows:
Direct materials     $195
Direct labor     126
Variable factory overhead     51
Total fixed costs for the period are $456,840. The break-even volume in dollars is _____.
     A. $1,573,560
     B. $2,030,400
     C. $456,840
     D. none of these answers is correct

 

25) _____ of approximating cost functions does not involve the analysis of past costs.
     A. Visual fit analysis
     B. Engineering analysis
     C. High low analysis
     D. least-squares regression

26) Managers should apply two principles to obtain accurate and useful cost functions. These principles are ____.
     A. plausibility and reliability
     B. reliability and validity
     C. plausibility and believability
     D. believability and validity

27) In relation to a cost function, the term reliability means_____.
     A. whether the cost function conforms to a given mathematical model
     B. how well the cost function predicts future costs
     C. whether the costs and activities can be easily observed
     D. how well the cost function explains past cost behavior

28) _____ is a name for a system that first accumulates overhead costs for each of the activities of an organization, and then assigns the costs of activities to the products, services, or other cost objects that caused that activity.
     A. Cost driver accounting
     B. Activity based costing
     C. Transaction costing
     D. Transaction based accounting

29) _____ need cost accounting systems.
     A. Service organizations and nonprofit organizations
     B. Manufacturing firms and service organizations
     C. Manufacturing firms, service organizations, and nonprofit organizations
     D. Manufacturing firms and nonprofit organizations

30) _____ is an example of the external financial reporting purpose of the cost management systems.
     A. The product mix to optimize profitability
     B. The cost of a manufacturing process
     C. Budget reporting
     D. The amount of inventory that should appear on the balance sheet

31) A sales forecast is _____.
     A. the result of decisions to create conditions
     B. a prediction of sales under a given set of conditions
     C. all of these answers are correct
     D. the same as a sales budget that will generate a desired level of sales

32) _____ budgeting is when budgets are formulated with the active participation of all affected employees
     A. Team
     B. Financial
     C. Shared
     D. Participative

33) A _____ gives the expected sales under a given set of conditions.
     A. sales budget
     B. sales prediction
     C. sales forecast
     D. budget forecast

34) Unit sales of Product A are currently 10,000, while unit sales of Product B are double those of Product A. The com¬pany’s sales forecast will be _____, assuming sales of Product A increase by 10% and those of Product B increase by 4,000 units.
     A. 11,000 and 22,000 units, respectively
     B. none of these answers is correct
     C. 11,000 and 24,000 units, respectively
     D. 10,000 and 20,000 units, respectively

35) The master budget includes forecasts for all of the following except _____.
     A. number of employees
     B. cash disbursements
     C. balance sheets
     D. sales

36) A sales forecast is _____.
     A. the result of decisions to create conditions
     B. all of these answers are correct
     C. the same as a sales budget that will generate a desired level of sales
     D. a prediction of sales under a given set of conditions

37) _____ are components of a master budget.
     A. An operating budget and a financial budget
     B. A cash budget and an activity budget
     C. A continuous budget and a static budget
     D. A strategic plan and an operating budget

38) Which of the following statements is false?
     A. Flexible budgets are not based on the same revenue and cost behavior assumptions as the static budget.
     B. Flexible budgets are automatically matched to changes in activity levels
     C. Flexible budgets are prepared for a range of activity.
     D. Flexible budgets help provide a basis for management by exception.

39) The master budget quantifies targets for all of the following except _____.
     A. production
     B. cost driver activity
     C. markets
     D. sales

40) Cost allocation base refers to the _____.
     A. total costs to be allocated
     B. total allocated costs
     C. cost objectives
     D. cost driver

41) The preferred guidelines for allocating service department costs include _____.
     A. evaluating performance using allocated costs for each service department
     B. establishing part or all of the details regarding cost allocation in advance of rendering the service
     C. allocating variable- and fixed-cost pools simultaneously
     D. identifying the direct and indirect costs

42) _____ is not a type of cost allocation.
     A. Reallocation of costs from service departments to production departments
     B. Allocation of costs of a particular organizational unit to products or services
     C. Reallocation of costs from production departments to service departments
     D. Allocation of costs to the appropriate organizational unit

43) Kevin Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year:
     Maintenance     Personnel     Mixing     Finishing
Direct dept. costs     $126,000     $84,000     $105,000     $175,000
Square footage     800     400     1,600     1,200
Number of employees     8     12     24     32
If the step-down method of allocating costs is used and the Personnel Department is allocated first, then the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Personnel to Finishing is _____.
     A. $72,000
     B. $31,500
     C. $105,000
     D. $42,000

44) Murphy Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year:
     Maintenance     Personnel     Mixing     Finishing
Direct dept. costs     $126,000     $84,000     $105,000     $175,000
Square footage     800     400     1,600     1,200
Number of employees     8     12     24     32
If the step-down method of allocating costs is used and the Personnel Department is allocated first, then the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Personnel to Mixing is _____.
     A. $58,500
     B. $63,000
     C. $78,000
     D. $31,500

45) Serena Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year:
     Maintenance     Personnel     Mixing     Finishing
Direct dept. costs     $126,000     $84,000     $105,000     $175,000
Square footage     800     400     1,600     1,200
Number of employees     8     12     24     32
If the step-down method is used to allocate costs and the Maintenance Department is allocated first, then the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Maintenance to Finishing is _____.
     A. $31,500
     B. $57,000
     C. $47,250
     D. $42,750

46) When the variable costing method is used, fixed factory overhead appears on the income statement as a_____.
     A. fixed expense
     B. production-volume variance
     C. component of cost of goods sold and as a production-volume variance
     D. component of cost of goods sold

47) _____ is (are) used for external reporting.
     A. Absorption costing
     B. Variable costing
     C. Absorption costing and variable costing
     D. Direct costing

48) In absorption costing, costs are separated into the major categories of_____.
     A. manufacturing and nonmanufacturing
     B. manufacturing and fixed
     C. variable and nonmanufacturing
     D. fixed and variable

49) _____ is the first step in designing a management control system.
     A. Evaluating management’s performance
     B. Establishing organizational goals
     C. Distinguishing between profit centers and cost centers
     D. Preparing financial statements

50) _____ is (are) the most basic component of a management control system.
     A.The organization’s long-range budget
     B.The organization’s goals
     C.Top management’s preferences
     D.The stockholder’s preferences

51) Identify which of the following is not a characteristic of a management control system.
     A.A management control system aids and coordinates the process of making decisions.
     B.A management control system encourages short term profitability.
     C.A management control system coordinates forecasting sales and cost driver activities, budgeting, and measuring and evaluating performance.
     D.A management control system motivates individuals throughout the organization to act in concert.

 

52) Jewel Company’s revenues are $300 and invested capital is $240. Expenses are currently 60% of sales. Jewel Company’s current return on investment is _____.
     A. 50%
     B. 100%
     C. none of these answers are correct
     D. 80%

53) The following information is available for the Peter Company:
Sales     $500,000
Invested Capital     312,500
ROI     10%
The return on sales is _____.
     A. 10.000%
     B. none of these answers is correct
     C. 6.250%
     D. 1.000%

54) The following information is available for the Peter Company:
Sales     $150,000
Invested Capital     156,250
ROI     10%
The return on sales is _____.
     A. 10.00%
     B. none of these answers is correct
     C. 10.42%
     D. 62.50%

 

 

 

 

ACC 561 Final Exam.

 

1) Budgets _____.

A. ignore areas that are presumed to be running smoothly

B. are deviations from a plan

C. are quantitative expressions of action plans

D. provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans

2) Performance reports _____.
A. ignore areas that are presumed to be running smoothly
B. provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans
C. are deviations from a plan
D. are quantitative expressions of action plans

3) Department performance reports can be used to help department heads determine _____.
A. who is primarily responsible for any deviations from plans
B. how efficiently the department is operating
C. how effectively and efficiently the department is operating
D. how effectively the department is operating

4) Below is a statement from the Institute of Management Accountants’ Statement of Ethical Professional Practice. “Refrain from disclosing confidential information acquired in the course of their work except when authorized, unless legally obligated to do so.” It is an example of _____.
A. objectivity
B. confidentiality
C. integrity
D. competence

5) Ethical accountants are important to society because _____.
A. none of these answers is correct
B. they pay their taxes
C. the information produced is reliable
D. they will not go to prison and waste taxpayers’ money

6) According to the Institute of Management Accountants’ Statement of Ethical Professional Practice, the standard of competence includes:
A. All of these answers are correct
B. the ongoing development of the accountant’s knowledge and skills
C. avoiding actual or apparent conflicts of interest
D. disclosing all relevant information

7) _____ is the field of accounting that develops information for external decision makers such as stockholders, suppliers, banks, and government regulatory agencies.
A. Financial accounting
B. Auditing
C. Tax accounting
D. Management accounting

8) _____ refers to accounting information developed for managers within an organization.
A. Tax accounting
B. Internal auditing
C. Managerial accounting
D. Financial accounting

9) The primary users of management accounting information are _____.
A. suppliers
B. bankers
C. governmental regulatory authorities
D. internal decision makers

10) _____ would not appear on the financial statements for a sole proprietorship.
A. Unearned Sales Revenues
B. Paid-in Capital
C. Cost of Goods Sold
D. Accumulated Depreciation

11) The _____ is also called the statement of financial position.
A. statement of cash flows
B. income statement
C. balance sheet
D. statement of retained earnings

12) Etiwanda Company’s accountant recorded a debit to Accounts Payable and a credit to Cash. This transaction will_____.
A. decrease Cash and decrease Accounts Payable
B. increase Cash and increase Accounts Payable
C. increase Cash and decrease Accounts Payable
D. decrease Cash and increase Accounts Payable

13) Valuing assets at replacement cost to facilitate the measurement of “economic income” violates the _____ accounting convention.
A. cost benefit
B. conservatism
C. materiality
D. objectivity

14) The use of acquisition cost less depreciation in valuing an asset on the balance sheet is the logical result of the _____ accounting convention.
A. materiality
B. cost-benefit
C. continuity
D. conservatism

15) Mr. Bryant invested $50,000 cash in a new corporation. The new corporation will record this transaction with a debit to_____.
A. Cash and a credit to Paid-in Capital for $50,000
B. Paid-in Capital and a credit to Retained Earnings for $50,000
C. Retained Earnings and a credit to Cash for $50,000
D. Cash and a credit to Retained Income for $50,000

16) The statement of cash flows is used for all of the following except_____.
A. evaluating the creditworthiness of the organization
B. revealing commitments that may restrict future courses of action
C. showing the relationship of net income to changes in cash
D. determining a company’s ability to pay its debts when they are due

17) Nonoperating items on the income statement_____.
A. appear on the income statement immediately after gross profit
B. appear only on corporate income statements
C. are revenues and expenses arising from adjusting entries
D. reflect the effects of financial management decisions

18) The Rebecca Company acquired merchandise inventory costing $10,000 on September 1. The company will not pay for the inventory until October 1. This transaction will affect the Rebecca Company by increasing the Merchandise Inventory account by $10,000 and _____.
A. decreasing the Capital account by $10,000
B. increasing the Capital account by $10,000
C. increasing the Accounts Payable account by $10,000
D. decreasing the Accounts Payable account by $10,000

19) Which of the following is not a cost driver of customer services costs?
A. All of these answers are correct
B. Travel costs are not a cost driver of customer services costs.
C. Number of service calls is not a cost driver of customer services costs.
D. Hours spent servicing products are not a cost driver of customer services costs.

20) Which value chain function would include the cost of computer-aided design equipment and cost to develop the prototype of a product?
A. The marketing function would include these costs
B. The design of product, services, and processes function would include these costs.
C. The production function would include these costs.
D. The distribution function would include these costs.

21) Output measures of both resources and activities are _____.
A. variable activities
B. stages of production
C. fixed activities
D. cost drivers

22) If the sales price per unit is $100, the total fixed costs are $75,000, and the break even volume in dollar sales is $250,000, then the variable cost per unit is _____.
A. $30
B. $100
C. $75,000
D. $70

23) Hug Me Company produces dolls. Each doll sells for $20.00. Variable costs per unit total $14.00, of which $6.25 is for direct materials and $5.25 is for direct labor. If total fixed costs are $435,000, then the break even volume in dollars is _____.
A. $435,000
B. $1,023,529
C. $621,429
D. $1,450,000

24) Walnut Corporation sells desks at $480 per desk. The costs associated with each desk are as follows:

Direct materials $195
Direct labor 126
Variable factory overhead 51

Total fixed costs for the period are $456,840. The contribution margin per desk is _____.
A. $126
B. $108
C. $51
D. $195

25) _____ is a method of approximating cost functions.
A. Account analysis
B. Transaction analysis
C. Product analysis
D. Cost driver analysis

26) The _____ method of measuring cost functions is the least reliable.
A. multiple least squares regression
B. visual fit
C. simple least squares regression
D. high low

27) In relation to a cost function, the term reliability means_____.
A. how well the cost function explains past cost behavior
B. whether the cost function conforms to a given mathematical model
C. how well the cost function predicts future costs
D. whether the costs and activities can be easily observed

28) _____ need cost accounting systems.
A. Manufacturing firms, service organizations, and nonprofit organizations
B. Service organizations and nonprofit organizations
C. Manufacturing firms and nonprofit organizations
D. Manufacturing firms and service organizations

29) _____ is an example of the external financial reporting purpose of the cost management systems.
A. Budget reporting
B. The product mix to optimize profitability
C. The amount of inventory that should appear on the balance sheet
D. The cost of a manufacturing process

30) _____ is a name for a system that first accumulates overhead costs for each of the activities of an organization, and then assigns the costs of activities to the products, services, or other cost objects that caused that activity.
A. Transaction costing
B. Cost driver accounting
C. Transaction based accounting
D. Activity based costing

31) _____ budgeting is when budgets are formulated with the active participation of all affected employees
A. Shared
B. Team
C. Participative
D. Financial

32) A _____ gives the expected sales under a given set of conditions.
A. sales forecast
B. sales prediction
C. sales budget
D. budget forecast

33) A sales forecast is _____.
A. all of these answers are correct
B. a prediction of sales under a given set of conditions
C. the result of decisions to create conditions
D. the same as a sales budget that will generate a desired level of sales

34) The master budget includes forecasts for all of the following except _____.
A. cash disbursements
B. sales
C. number of employees
D. balance sheets

35) Unit sales of Product A are currently 10,000, while unit sales of Product B are double those of Product A. The com¬pany’s sales forecast will be _____, assuming sales of Product A increase by 10% and those of Product B increase by 4,000 units.
A. none of these answers is correct
B. 10,000 and 20,000 units, respectively
C. 11,000 and 22,000 units, respectively
D. 11,000 and 24,000 units, respectively

36) A sales forecast is _____.
A. all of these answers are correct
B. a prediction of sales under a given set of conditions
C. the result of decisions to create conditions
D. the same as a sales budget that will generate a desired level of sales

37) _____ probably would not be used as a measure of activity in a flexible budget.
A. Number of hours worked by salespeople
B. Sales volume
C. Number of direct labor hours worked
D. Number of machine hours used

38) Which of the following statements is false?
A. Flexible budgets are automatically matched to changes in activity levels
B. Flexible budgets help provide a basis for management by exception.
C. Flexible budgets are not based on the same revenue and cost behavior assumptions as the static budget.
D. Flexible budgets are prepared for a range of activity.

39) _____ are components of a master budget.
A. A cash budget and an activity budget
B. A continuous budget and a static budget
C. A strategic plan and an operating budget
D. An operating budget and a financial budget

40) Costs are allocated for all the following purposes except to _____.
A. compute income and asset valuation
B. determine inventory levels
C. predict the economic effects of planning and control decisions
D. obtain reimbursement

41) _____ is not a type of cost allocation.
A. Reallocation of costs from production departments to service departments
B. Allocation of costs of a particular organizational unit to products or services
C. Allocation of costs to the appropriate organizational unit
D. Reallocation of costs from service departments to production departments

42) The use of budgeted service department cost rates protects using departments from _____.
A. all of these answers are correct
B. service outages
C. service department efficiencies
D. price fluctuations

43) Murphy Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year:

Maintenance

Personnel

Mixing

Finishing
Direct dept. costs $126,000 $84,000 $105,000 $175,000
Square footage 800 400 1,600 1,200
Number of employees 8 12 24 32

If the step-down method of allocating costs is used and the Personnel Department is allocated first, then the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Personnel to Mixing is _____.
A. $78,000
B. $63,000
C. $31,500
D. $58,500

44) Martinez Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year:

Maintenance

Personnel

Mixing

Finishing
Direct dept. costs $50,400 $33,600 $42,000 $5,600
Square footage 1,600 800 3,200 2,400
Number of employees 16 24 48 64

If the step down method is used to allocate costs and the Maintenance Department is allocated first, then the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Personnel to Maintenance is _____.
A. $0
B. $3,539
C. $4,998
D. $4,200

45) Gomez Company has two service departments, Maintenance and Personnel, as well as two production departments, Mixing and Finishing. Maintenance costs are allocated based on square footage while personnel costs are allocated based on number of employees. The following information has been gathered for the current year _____.

Maintenance

Personnel

Mixing

Finishing
Direct dept. costs $126,000 $84,000 $105,000 $175,000
Square footage 800 400 1,600 1,200
Number of employees 8 12 24 32

If the step-down method is used to allocate costs and the Maintenance Department is allocated first, the amount of overhead that would be allocated from Maintenance to Mixing is:
A. $36,000
B. $42,750
C. $42,000
D. $63,000

46) _____ is (are) used for external reporting.
A. Absorption costing and variable costing
B. Direct costing
C. Absorption costing
D. Variable costing

47) _____ is another term for variable costing.
A. Absorption costing
B. Direct costing
C. Traditional costing
D. Full costing

48) In absorption costing, costs are separated into the major categories of_____.
A. variable and nonmanufacturing
B. manufacturing and fixed
C. fixed and variable
D. manufacturing and nonmanufacturing

49) _____ is the first step in designing a management control system.
     A.           Distinguishing between profit centers and cost centers
     B.           Establishing organizational goals
     C.           Preparing financial statements
     D.           Evaluating management’s performance

50) Identify which of the following is not a characteristic of a management control system.
     A.           A management control system coordinates forecasting sales and cost driver activities, budgeting, and measuring and evaluating performance.
     B.           A management control system encourages short term profitability.
     C.           A management control system motivates individuals throughout the organization to act in concert.
     D.           A management control system aids and coordinates the process of making decisions.

51) _____ is the logical integration of management accounting tools to gather and report data and to evaluate performance.
     A.           A management control system
     B.           A quality control system
     C.           A financial reporting system
     D.           An internal control system

52) Jewel Company’s revenues are $300 and invested capital is $240. Expenses are currently 60% of sales. Jewel Company’s current return on investment is _____.
     A.           none of these answers are correct
     B.           100%
     C.           80%
     D.           50%

53) The following information is available for the Peter Company:

Sales      $500,000
Invested Capital      312,500
ROI      10%

The return on sales is _____.
     A.           none of these answers is correct
     B.           6.250%
     C.           1.000%
     D.           10.000%

54) Speedo Company’s revenues are $300 on invested capital of $240. Expenses are currently 70% of sales. If Angelo Company can reduce its invested capital by 20%, return on investment will be _____.
     A.           46.88%
     B.           93.75%
     C.           18.75%
     D.           75%

 

ACC 561 Final Exam.

 

 

1.     _____ refers to accounting information developed for managers
     within an organization.

     a.     Internal auditing
     b.     Managerial accounting
     c.     Financial accounting
d.     Tax accounting

2.     Ethical accountants are important to society because _____.
a.     they pay their taxes
b.     the information produced is reliable
c.     they will not go to prison and waste taxpayers’ money
d.     none of these answers is correct

3.     Performance reports _____.

     a.     are quantitative expressions of action plans
b.     provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans
c.     are deviations from a plan
     d.     ignore areas that are presumed to be running smoothly

4.     Output measures of both resources and activities are _____.

     a.     cost drivers
     b.     stages of production
     c.     fixed activities
d.     variable activities

5.     An accountant may have difficulty classifying costs as fixed or variable because _____.

     a.     costs may behave in a nonlinear way
     b.     costs may be affected by more than one cost driver
     c.     the decision situation may cause the costs to be fixed in the short term
     d.     all of these answers are correct

6.      If the proportions in a sales mix change, the _____.

     a.     contribution margin per unit increases
     b.     break even point will remain the same
     c.     cost volume profit relationship also changes
     d.     net income will not be altered

7.      _____ will decrease a company’s break-even point.

     a.     Reducing its total fixed costs
     b.     Decreasing contribution margin per unit
     c.    Increasing variable cost per unit
d.     Decreasing the selling price per unit

8.     Costs that change abruptly at intervals of activity because the resources and their costs come in indivisible chunks are called ¬¬¬¬¬_____.

     a.     mixed costs
     b.     variable costs
     c.     fixed costs
     d.     step costs

9.                      _____ arise as a result of strategic decisions about the scale and scope of an     
      organization’s activities.

     a.     Capacity costs
     b.     Discretionary costs
     c.     Mixed costs
     d.     Engineered costs

10.     _____ is the first step in estimating or predicting costs as a function of appropriate cost drivers.

     a.     Cost measurement
     b.     Cost determination     
     c.     Cost behavior investigation
d.     Cost driver identification

11.      The process of identifying appropriate cost drivers and their effects on the costs of making a product or providing a service is called ¬¬¬¬¬_____.

     a.     cost prediction
     b.     cost measurement
     c.     activity analysis
     d.     budgeting

12.      _____ is not a primary purpose of a cost management system.

                             a.     Providing aggregate measures of inventory value and cost of goods sold
     b.     Providing cost information for strategic management decisions
c.     Providing cost information for operational control
d.     All of these answers are correct

13.     Where a specific product is the cost object, the materials used to manufacture      the product
      would probably be classified as a(n) _____.

     a.     direct, variable cost
     b.     direct, fixed cost
     c.      indirect, variable cost
d.     indirect, fixed cost

14.      _____ is a name for a system that first accumulates overhead      costs for each of the activities of an organization, and then assigns the costs of      activities to the products, services, or other cost objects that caused that activity.

     a.     Activity based costing
     b.     Cost driver accounting
     c.     Transaction based accounting
     d.     Transaction costing

15.     _____ is the process of measuring products, services, and activities      against the best levels
      of performance.

     a.     Value-adding
     b.     Activity-based costing
     c.     Benchmarking
     d.     Continuous improvement

16.     Couch Company can produce either product A or product B. If Couch Company produces product A, expected direct material cost would be $24,000. If Couch Company produces product B, expected direct material cost would be $24,000. In choosing between these alternatives, the $24,000 direct material cost is _____.

     a.     relevant because it is an expected future cost
     b.     relevant because it is a product cost
     c.     irrelevant because it is an estimated cost
     d.     irrelevant because it does not differ between alternatives

17.     The choice of the absorption or contribution approach affects the      manufacturing cost per unit because the manufacturing cost per unit is _____.

     a.     higher if the absorption approach is used
     b.     higher if the contribution approach is used
     c.     the same regardless of the approach
     d.     independent of the approach

18.      The product strategy in which companies first determine the price at which they can sell a new product and then design a product that can be produced at a low enough      cost to provide an adequate profit margin is referred to as _____.

     a.     full costing     
     b.     target costing
     c.     predatory pricing     
     d.     discriminatory pricing

19.     Jack Bowers has paid off the mortgage on his house and continues to live in the house. The interest income forgone by not selling the house and investing the proceeds is an example of a(n) _____.

     a.     sunk cost
     b.     detrimental cost
     c.     opportunity cost
     d.     outlay cost

20.      _____ would be a consideration in a make-or-buy decision.

     a.     Excess capacity     
     b.     Variable factory overhead     
     c.     Rental income from unused facilities
d.     All of these answers are correct
     
     
     21.      In deciding whether to add or delete a product, service, or department, the salary of the plant manager is an _____.                                  
     
          a.     avoidable fixed cost
          b.     avoidable variable cost
          c.     unavoidable fixed cost
          d.     unavoidable variable cost
     
22.      Depreciation is _____.

     a.     the periodic cost of equipment spread over the future periods in which
          the equipment is expected to be used
     b.     the decline in equipment value due to obsolescence
     c.     the difference between the original cost and current market value
     d.     All of these answers are correct

23.                    Past costs that are unavoidable and unchangeable are known as _____ costs.

     a.     fixed overhead
     b.     operating
     c.     product production
     d.     sunk

24.     A major benefit of effective budgeting is that _____.

a.     it compels managers to think ahead
b.     it aids managers in communicating objectives to units
c.     it provides benchmarks to evaluate subsequent performance
d.     all of these answers are correct

25.     A sales forecast is _____.

     a.     a prediction of sales under a given set of conditions
     b.     the result of decisions to create conditions
     c.     the same as a sales budget that will generate a desired level of sales
     d.     all of these answers are correct

26.     Which of the following is not a major benefit of budgeting?

     a.     Budgeting compels managers to think ahead.
b.     Budgeting provides definite expectations that are the best framework for judging subsequent performance.
c.     Budgeting aids managers in coordinating their efforts so the objectives of the organization as a whole match the objectives of its parts.
     d.     Budgeting allows managers to operate day-to-day, reacting to current events rather than planning for the future.

27.     Preparing the master budget begins by establishing _____.

     a.     a targeted balance sheet
     b.     a targeted income statement
     c.     the expected cash
     d.     the expected sales

28.     Financial planning models _____.

     a.     focus on the budgeted balance sheet
     b.     allow managers to assess the predicted impacts of various alternatives before final decisions are selected
     c.     attempt to answer “How come?” questions
     d.     are extremely accurate, thus lessening the need for management judgment

29.     A variance is the difference between _____.

     a.     a budgeted amount and a benchmark amount
     b.     the required number of inputs for the number of outputs
     c.     an actual result and a budgeted amount
d.     a budgeted amount and a stan¬dard amount

30.     Efficiency is indicated by _____.

     a.      sales-activity variances
     b.     static-budget variances
     c.     flexible-budget variances
d.     all of these answers are correct

31.      Flexible budgets help to measure the _____.

     a.     differences between projected and actual activity levels
     b.     efficiency of operations at the actual activity level
     c.     amount by which standard quantity and expected prices differ
d.     reasons why projected activity levels were not attained

32.      Identify which of the following statements about “perfection standards” is true.

     a.     It is generally believed that they have a negative influence on employee morale.
     b.     They are expressions of the most efficient performance possible.
     c.     They usually result in unfavorable variances.
d.     All of these answers are correct.

33.     Identify which of the following is not a characteristic of a management control system.

     a.     A management control system aids and coordinates the process of making decisions.
     b.     A management control system encourages short term profitability.
     c.     A management control system motivates individuals throughout the organization to act in concert.
d.     A management control system coordinates forecasting sales and cost driver activities, budgeting, and measuring and evaluating performance.

34.      Identify which of the following statements regarding responsibility centers is false.

     a.     Responsibility centers usually have one objective.
     b.     Management control systems monitor responsibility center objectives.
     c.     Responsibility centers are usually classified according to their financial          responsibility.
     d.     Cost centers, profit centers, and investments centers are all examples of responsibility centers.          

35.     A management control system must _____ to achieve maximum benefits at minimum cost.

     a.     look at the short term only
     b.     motivate managers with quarterly bonuses based on performance
     c.     foster goal congruence and managerial effort
     d.     be the same as the financial accounting system

36.      An uncontrollable cost _____.

     a.     should be ignored in evaluating the responsibility center manager’s performance
     b.     is influenced by a manager’s decisions and actions
     c.     tells a great deal about a manager’s decision-making abilities
     d.     is the same as a sunk cost

37.     Improvements in the production process are examples of _____cost.

     a.     prevention
     b.     appraisal
     c.     internal failure
     d.     external failure

38.     Identify which of the following statements is a benefit of decentralization.

     a.     Top level managers have the best information concerning local conditions.
     b.     Managers acquire decision making ability and other management skills that help them move upward in the organization, assuring continuity of leadership.
     c.     Managers make decisions that enhance their segment’s performance.
     d.     Managers save time dealing with managers from other segments regarding transfer prices.

39.     Reciprocal services are services provided by a service department to _____.

     a.     a producing department
b.     another service department
c.     external customers
d.     all of these answers are correct.

40.            Costs are accumulated in traditional and ABC systems by _____.

     a.     activities and organizational units, respectively
b.     organizational units and activities, respectively
c.     activities and activities, respectively
d.     organizational units and organizational units, respectively

41.               _____ is not a cost driver representing an “ability to bear” philosophy.

     a.      Revenue of each division
     b.     Cost of goods sold by each division
     c.     Total cost before central cost allocation in later division
     d.     Usage

42.     _____ is least likely to be a cost driver as a basis for applying overhead costs.

     a.     Direct-labor cost     
     b.     Indirect labor hours
     c.     Machine hours     
     d.     Production setups

43.      The excess of actual overhead over the overhead applied to products is called _____.

     a.     overapplied overhead
     b.     underapplied overhead
     c.     overestimated overhead
     d.     prorated overhead

44.     _____ is (are) used for external reporting.

     a.     Absorption costing
     b.     Variable costing
     c.     Direct costing
     d.     Absorption costing and variable costing

45.     The fixed overhead rate is computed as_____.

     a.     budgeted fixed manufacturing overhead / expected volume of production
     b.     actual fixed manufacturing overhead / actual volume of production
     c.     budgeted fixed manufacturing overhead / actual volume of production
     d.     actual fixed manufacturing overhead / expected volume of production

46.          The _____ discloses the economic resources of the organization and the claims   
               against these resources.

a.     balance sheet
b.     income statement
c.     statement of cash flows
d.     statement of retained earnings

47.            Identify which one of the following statements is false.

a.     Owners’ equity solely represents the profits made by an organization in the current period.
b.     Assets are economic resources that are expected to benefit future cash inflows or reduce future cash outflows.
c.     Liabilities are economic obligations or claims against the assets of an organization by outsiders.
d.     Assets must always equal the sum of liabilities and owners’ equity.

48.     The accrual basis of accounting recognizes the impact of transactions on the financial statements in the period when _____.

a.     revenues are earned and expenses are incurred
b.     cash is received or disbursed
c.     the transaction occurs
d.     the accounting equation is decreased

49.          Cash collected from the customers before goods are delivered is known as_____.

a.     unearned revenue
b.     deferred revenue
c.     advances from customers
d.     all of these answers are correct

50.     The _____ is (are) largely responsible for developing generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

a.     FASB
b.     IASC
c.     SEC
d.     FASB and IASC

51.     The _____ would result in an increase in income under the cash basis but not an increase in income under the accrual basis.

a.     credit sale of inventory at a sales price in excess of the inventory’s cost
b.     cash collection from a credit customer
c.     cash sale of inventory at a sales price in excess of the inventory’s cost
d.     return of defective inventory purchased on account to a supplier where a full credit was given
52.                        _____ is reported on the financial statements of publicly held companies in the
United States.

a.     The current ratio
b.     Earnings per share
c.     The price-earnings ratio
d.     All of these answers are correct

PROBLEMS:

1.     Christina is considering leaving her current position to open a music store. Christina’s current salary is $45,000. Annual music store revenue and costs are estimated at $250,000 and $210,000, respectively. If Christina decides to open the music store, the change in her annual income would be _____.

     a.     $85,000
     b.     ($5,000)
     c.     $250,000
     d.     $40,000

 

($250,000 – $210,000) – $45,000 = ($5,000)

2.     Deadwood Hospital has overall variable costs of 50% of total revenues and fixed costs of $40 million per year. There are 40,000 patient-days estimated for next year. The break-even point expressed in total revenue is _____.

     a.     $80 million
     b.     $40 million
     c.     $10 million
     d.     none of these answers is correct

 

 

$40 million / (1 – 0.50) = $80 million